HANGZHOU NUZHUO TECHNOLOGY GROUP CO.,LTD.

Kaituhi: Lukas Bijikli, Kaiwhakahaere Pūkete Hua, Ngā Puku Taputapu Whakauru, R&D CO2 Compression me ngā Papu Wera, Siemens Energy.
Mō ngā tau maha, ko te Pūrere Whakakotahi Taputapu (IGC) te hangarau i whiriwhiria mō ngā tipu wehewehe hau. Ko te take nui o tēnei ko tōna whai huatanga nui, ā, ka heke tika ngā utu mō te hāora, te hauota me te hau kore mahi. Heoi, ko te aro nui haere ki te tango waro ka whakatakoto i ngā tono hou ki ngā IPC, inā koa mō te whai huatanga me te ngāwari o ngā ture. Ko te whakapaunga whakapaipai he mea nui tonu mō ngā kaiwhakahaere tipu, inā koa i roto i ngā umanga iti me te rahi.
I roto i ngā tau kua taha ake nei, kua tīmatahia e Siemens Energy ētahi kaupapa rangahau me te whanaketanga (R&D) e aro ana ki te whakawhānui ake i ngā āheinga IGC hei whakatutuki i ngā hiahia hurihuri o te mākete wehewehe hau. E whakaatu ana tēnei tuhinga i ētahi whakapainga hoahoa motuhake kua mahia e mātou, ā, e matapaki ana me pēhea e taea ai e ēnei huringa te āwhina i te whakatutuki i ngā whāinga utu me te whakaiti waro a ō mātou kiritaki.
Ko te nuinga o ngā waeine wehewehe hau o ēnei rā he rua ngā pūwero: he pūwero hau matua (MAC) me he pūwero hau whakanui (BAC). Ko te pūwero hau matua te tikanga ka pēhi i te rere katoa o te hau mai i te pēhanga hau ki te 6 pae pea. Kātahi ka pēhia anō tētahi wāhanga o tēnei rere ki roto i te BAC ki te pēhanga tae atu ki te 60 pae.
I runga i te pūtake pūngao, ka peia te pūwero e te tāpine korohū, e te motuka hiko rānei. Ina whakamahia he tāpine korohū, ka peia ngā pūwero e rua e te tāpine kotahi mā roto i ngā pito o te pou rua. I roto i te kaupapa tawhito, ka tāutahia he taputapu waenga i waenganui i te tāpine korohū me te HAC (Pikitia 1).
I roto i ngā pūnaha hiko me ngā pūnaha mamaoa, he mea nui te whai huatanga o te kōpeketanga hei tango i te waro, nā te mea ka pā tika ki te whakapaunga pūngao o te waeine. He mea nui rawa tēnei mō ngā MGP e whakahaerehia ana e ngā mamaoa, nā te mea ko te nuinga o te wera mō te whakaputa mamaoa ka puta mai i ngā kohua e whakamahia ana te wahie pūmua.
Ahakoa he huarahi kē atu mā te whakamahi i ngā motuka hiko hei whakakapi i ngā taraiwa tāhū hiko mamaoa, he nui ake te hiahia mō te ngāwari o te whakahaere. He maha ngā tipu wehewehe hau hou e hangaia ana i ēnei rā e hono ana ki te whatunga hiko, ā, he nui te whakamahinga o te pūngao hou. Hei tauira, i Ahitereiria, kei te whakamaheretia kia hangaia ētahi tipu haukini matomato ka whakamahi i ngā wae wehewehe hau (ASU) hei whakaputa hauota mō te hanga haukini, ā, e tika ana kia whiwhi hiko mai i ngā pāmu hau me te pūngao rā tata. I ēnei tipu, he mea nui te ngāwari o ngā ture hei utu mō ngā rerekētanga taiao o te whakaputa hiko.
Nā Siemens Energy te IGC tuatahi (i mōhiotia i mua ko VK) i whakawhanake i te tau 1948. I tēnei rā, neke atu i te 2,300 ngā waeine e hangaia ana e te kamupene puta noa i te ao, he maha o ēnei i hangaia mō ngā tono me ngā tere rere neke atu i te 400,000 m3/h. Ko te tere rere o ā mātou MGP hou he tae atu ki te 1.2 miriona mita pūtoru ia hāora i roto i te whare kotahi. Kei roto i ēnei ko ngā putanga kore taputapu o ngā pūwero papatohu me ngā ōwehenga pēhanga tae atu ki te 2.5, neke atu rānei i roto i ngā putanga kotahi-wāhanga me ngā ōwehenga pēhanga tae atu ki te 6 i roto i ngā putanga raupapa.
I ngā tau tata nei, hei whakatutuki i ngā tono e piki haere ana mō te whai huatanga o te IGC, te ngāwari o ngā ture me ngā utu whakapaipai, kua mahia e mātou ētahi whakapainga hoahoa nui, e whakarāpopototia ana i raro nei.
Ka whakanuia te whai huatanga rerekē o te maha o ngā impeller e whakamahia ana i te wāhanga MAC tuatahi mā te whakarerekē i te āhua o te mata. Mā tēnei impeller hou, ka taea te whakatutuki i ngā whai huatanga rerekē tae atu ki te 89% i te taha o ngā diffuser LS tuku iho, ā, neke atu i te 90% i te taha o te whakatupuranga hou o ngā diffuser ranu.
Hei tāpiritanga, he nui ake te tau Mach o te impeller i te 1.3, e whakarato ana i te taumata tuatahi ki te kaha kiato me te ōwehenga kōpeketanga teitei ake. Ka whakaitihia hoki e tēnei te mana e tukuna ana e ngā taputapu i roto i ngā pūnaha MAC e toru-wāhanga, e āhei ai te whakamahi i ngā taputapu diameter iti ake me ngā pouaka miihini taraiwa tika i ngā taumata tuatahi.
Ki te whakatauritea ki te kaiwhakarara whana LS roa-katoa tuku iho, he 2.5% te pai o te wāhanga o te kaiwhakarara whana ranu o te whakatupuranga e whai ake nei, ā, he 3% te tauwehenga whakahaere. Ka tutuki tēnei pikinga mā te whakaranu i ngā mata (arā, ka wehea ngā mata ki ngā wāhanga teitei-katoa me te teitei-wāhanga). I roto i tēnei whirihoranga.
Ka whakaitihia te rere o te wai i waenganui i te impeller me te diffuser e tētahi wāhanga o te teitei o te mata e tata atu ana ki te impeller i ngā mata o te diffuser LS tuku iho. Pērā i te diffuser LS tuku iho, he ōrite te tawhiti o ngā taha matua o ngā mata roa-katoa mai i te impeller hei karo i te taunekeneke a te impeller-diffuser ka kino pea ngā mata.
Mā te whakanui ake i te teitei o ngā mata kia tata atu ki te impeller ka pai ake te ahunga rere tata ki te rohe pupuhi. Nā te mea kei te rite tonu te diameter o te taha mua o te wāhanga vane roa-katoa ki te diffuser LS tuku iho, kāore te raina throttle e pāngia, e āhei ai te whānuitanga o te tono me te whakahāngai.
Ko te werohanga wai he werohanga i ngā pata wai ki roto i te awa hau i roto i te ngongo momi. Ka mimiti ngā pata, ka mimiti i te wera mai i te awa hau tukatuka, ā, ka whakaitihia te pāmahana tomo ki te wāhanga kōpeketanga. Ka hua ake tēnei i te whakaiti i ngā hiahia mana isentropic me te pikinga o te whai huatanga neke atu i te 1%.
Mā te whakapakeke i te rakau taputapu ka taea e koe te whakanui ake i te ahotea e whakaaetia ana mō ia wāhanga horahanga, ka taea ai e koe te whakaiti i te whānui o te niho. Ka whakaitihia e tēnei ngā mate miihini i roto i te pouaka miihini tae atu ki te 25%, ka hua ake he pikinga o te whai huatanga whānui tae atu ki te 0.5%. Hei tāpiri, ka taea te whakaiti i ngā utu o te pūhiko matua tae atu ki te 1% nā te mea he iti ake te konganuku e whakamahia ana i roto i te pouaka miihini nui.
Ka taea e tēnei impeller te mahi me te tauwehenga rere (φ) tae atu ki te 0.25, ā, e 6% te nui ake o te pane e tukuna ana i ngā impeller 65 nekehanga. Hei tāpiri, ka eke te tauwehenga rere ki te 0.25, ā, i roto i te hoahoa rere-rua o te mīhini IGC, ka eke te rere rōrahi ki te 1.2 miriona m3/h, tae atu ki te 2.4 miriona m3/h rānei.
Mā te uara phi teitei ake ka taea te whakamahi i tētahi impeller iti ake te diameter i te rere o te rōrahi kotahi, ā, ka whakaitihia te utu o te compressor matua tae atu ki te 4%. Ka taea te whakaiti ake i te diameter o te impeller wāhanga tuatahi.
Ka tutuki te upoko teitei mā te koki piko o te impeller 75°, e whakanui ana i te wāhanga tere porowhita i te putanga, ā, nā reira ka hua ake te upoko teitei ake e ai ki te whārite a Euler.
Ki te whakatauritea ki ngā impeller tere-rahi me te tino whai hua, he paku iti te whai huatanga o te impeller nā te nui ake o ngā mate i roto i te volute. Ka taea te whakakapi i tēnei mā te whakamahi i tētahi ngata rahi-waenga. Heoi, ahakoa kāore ēnei volute, ka taea te whakatutuki i te whai huatanga taurangi tae atu ki te 87% i te tau Mach o te 1.0 me te tauwehenga rere o te 0.24.
Mā te iti o te volute ka taea e koe te karo i ngā tukinga ki ētahi atu volute ina whakaitihia te diameter o te taputapu nui. Ka taea e ngā kaiwhakahaere te penapena utu mā te huri mai i te motuka 6-pou ki te motuka 4-pou tere ake (1000 rpm ki te 1500 rpm) me te kore e neke ake i te tere taputapu mōrahi e whakaaetia ana. Hei tāpiri, ka taea e ia te whakaiti i ngā utu rauemi mō ngā taputapu porowhita me ngā taputapu nui.
I te nuinga, ka taea e te pūwero matua te penapena tae atu ki te 2% i roto i ngā utu whakapaipai, ā, ka taea hoki e te miihini te penapena i te 2% i roto i ngā utu whakapaipai. Nā te mea he iti ake te whai hua o ngā pūwero kiato, ko te whakatau ki te whakamahi i aua pūwero e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā kaupapa matua a te kiritaki (te utu me te whai hua) ā, me aromatawai i ia kaupapa, i ia kaupapa.
Hei whakanui ake i ngā āheinga whakahaere, ka taea te tāuta i te IGV ki mua i ngā wāhanga maha. He rerekē rawa tēnei ki ngā kaupapa IGC o mua, i whakaurua noa ngā IGV tae noa ki te wāhanga tuatahi.
I ngā putanga o mua o te IGC, i noho pūmau tonu te tauwehenga vortex (arā, te koki o te tuarua o ngā IGV i wehea ki te koki o te tuatahi o ngā IGV1) ahakoa kei mua te rere (koki > 0°, he whakaiti i te pane) he vortex whakamuri rānei (koki < 0). °, ka piki ake te pēhanga). He ngoikoretanga tēnei nā te mea ka rerekē te tohu o te koki i waenga i ngā vortex pai me ngā vortex kino.
Mā te whirihoranga hou ka taea te whakamahi i ngā ōwehenga vortex e rua ina kei te aratau vortex whakamua me te aratau vortex whakamuri te mīhini, ā, ka whakanuia te awhe whakahaere mā te 4% me te pupuri tonu i te pai o te mahi.
Mā te whakauru i tētahi diffuser LS mō te impeller e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i ngā BAC, ka taea te whakanui ake i te pai o ngā wāhanga maha ki te 89%. Mā tēnei, me ētahi atu whakapainga pai ake, ka whakaitihia te maha o ngā wāhanga BAC me te pupuri tonu i te pai o te tereina whānui. Mā te whakaiti i te maha o ngā wāhanga ka kore e hiahiatia he intercooler, he paipa hau tukatuka e pā ana, me ngā wāhanga rotor me te stator, ka hua ake he penapena utu o te 10%. Hei tāpiri, i roto i te maha o ngā wā ka taea te whakakotahi i te compressor hau matua me te compressor whakanui i roto i te mīhini kotahi.
E ai ki te kōrero i mua ake nei, me whai taputapu takawaenga i waenganui i te tāwhana mamaoa me te VAC. Mā te hoahoa IGC hou mai i Siemens Energy, ka taea te whakauru i tēnei taputapu mangere ki roto i te pouaka miihini mā te tāpiri i tētahi rakau mangere i waenganui i te rakau pinion me te taputapu nui (4 taputapu). Ka taea e tēnei te whakaiti i te utu katoa o te raina (te pūhiko matua me ngā taputapu āwhina) tae atu ki te 4%.
Hei tāpiritanga, he pai ake ngā taputapu 4-pinion hei whakakapi i ngā motuka panuku kiato mō te whakawhiti mai i ngā motuka 6-pou ki ngā motuka 4-pou i roto i ngā pūwero hau matua nui (mēnā he tūponotanga o te tukinga volute, mēnā rānei ka whakaitihia te tere pinion mōrahi e whakaaetia ana).
Kei te piki haere te whakamahinga o ēnei mea i roto i ētahi mākete e whai tikanga ana ki te tango waro i ngā ahumahi, tae atu ki ngā papu wera me te kōpeketanga mamaoa, tae atu ki te kōpeketanga CO2 i roto i ngā whanaketanga hopu, whakamahi me te rokiroki waro (CCUS).
He roa te hītori o Siemens Energy ki te hoahoa me te whakahaere i ngā IGC. E ai ki ngā mahi rangahau me te whanaketanga o runga ake nei (me ētahi atu), e whakapau kaha ana mātou ki te whakahou tonu i ēnei mīhini kia tutuki ai ngā hiahia tono ahurei me te whakatutuki i ngā tono mākete e tipu haere ana mō ngā utu iti ake, te pai ake o te mahi me te pumau ake. KT2